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BDF (.bdf)

  • Import fully supports the BDF format family.

Background & Context

    • BDF physiological signal recordings format.
    • Commonly used for the exchange and storage of medical time-series recordings.
    • Application areas include electroencephalography, polysomnography, electromyography, evoked potentials, electroneurography, and electrocardiography.
    • BDF is an acronym for BioSemi Data Format.
    • Binary format derived from EDF.
    • Stores multiple simultaneous signal channels, time-stamped annotations, and metainformation.
    • Stores discontinuous time series.
    • First published in 1992.

Import

  • Import["file.bdf"] imports a BDF file, returning the signal data as an array of numbers.
  • Import["file.bdf"] returns an array of the form {ch1,ch2,…}, where the signal channels chi are lists of possibly discontinuous records {reci1,reci2,…}. Each record is given as a list of data samples.
  • Import["file.bdf",elem] imports the specified element.
  • The import format can be specified with Import["file","BDF"] or Import["file",{"BDF",elem,…}].
  • See the following reference pages for full general information:
  • Importimport from a file
    CloudImportimport from a cloud object
    ImportStringimport from a string
    ImportByteArrayimport from a byte array

Import Elements

  • General Import elements:
  • "Elements" list of elements and options available in this file
    "Summary"summary of the file
    "Rules"list of rules for all available elements
  • Data representation elements:
  • "Data"all signal channels represented as a list of lists, with discontinuous records combined into a flat list
    {"Data",label}data from a named signal channel
    "Labels"names of all signal channels
    "LabeledData"list of rules, each representing a labeled data channel
    "RecordsData"all signal channels, given as an array of lists
    "Tabular"table data as a Tabular object
    "TimeSeriesAssociation"an association of time series per channel
  • Import uses the "Data" element by default.
  • Import["file.bdf","Data"] gives a list of packed arrays of data samples, effectively combining discontinuous records for each signal channel into a flat list.
  • Import["file.bdf","LabeledData"] imports the entire file and returns an expression of the form {label1->ch1,label2->ch2,…}.
  • Import["file.bdf","RecordsData"] returns a packed array of the form {ch1,ch2,…}, where the signals chi are lists of discontinuous records {reci1,reci2,…}. Each record is given as a list of data samples.
  • Metainformation elements:
  • "Annotations"time-stamped annotation list
    "ChannelCount"number of simultaneous signal channels
    "DataRanges"physical data ranges for each signal channel
    "DataUnits"units in which the physical data for each channel is given
    "Device"information about the physical devices, such as electrodes, used for recording each channel
    "FilterInformation"information about signal filters applied during the recording, given as a list of strings
    "PatientID"patient identification string
    "RecordCount"number of records in the file
    "RecordLength"length of records, given in seconds
    "RecordTimes"start times for each record, given in seconds
    "StartDate"local date and time when the recording was started
    "Title"title of the recording, typically used as a document identification
  • Import["file.bdf","Annotations"] gives the time-stamped annotation lists of a BDF file as a list of the form {{ti,duri}->{stri1,stri2,…},…}.
  • BDF allows time gaps between records.

Examples

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Basic Examples  (3)

Show the labels of all signal channels available in a BDF file:

Import the labels and device names as a table:

Import the first record of the channel "A5" and plot it using ListLinePlot:

Scope  (2)

Import data as a Tabular object:

Extract embedded metadata:

Import data as an association of TimeSeries: