For Shell systems, the default return type is "Expression":

With the return type of "Expression", the result will be a Success or a Failure depending on the exit code:

You can extract additional information about the program's output using the properties "StandardOutput", "StandardError" and "ExitCode":

Possible values for "ReturnType" are "Expression", "StandardOutput", "StandardError" and "ExitCode":

You can use a Rule to quickly specify the "ReturnType":

Evaluate code using a specified "Evaluator":

On Windows, use the following to run a command using cmd.exe:

To run commands on Windows PowerShell, use the following:

Use "SessionProlog" to perform a side effect at the start of a session:

Start an external session and import an initialization file:

Use "SessionEpilog" to perform a side effect at the end of a session:

Use "Prolog" to perform a side effect before every evaluation:

Use "Epilog" to perform a side effect after every evaluation:

When a string is provided, the command is directly executed:

The above is equivalent to writing the command using this form:

Create a file with a script in it:

Un Unix systems, make sure the file is executable:

Use a File wrapper to run the code from the file:

The above is equivalent to writing the command using this form:

Use a URL wrapper to directly run code hosted online:

The above is equivalent to writing the command using this form:

Put code in a CloudObject:

Evaluate directly from the cloud:

The above is equivalent to writing the command using this form:

Specifying a "ReturnType" in the command overrides the "ReturnType" for the session:

When running a command, you can inline a TemplateExpression:

You can explicitly fill TemplateSlot using "TemplateArguments":

If you need more than one argument, you can use a List:

You can name template slots and use an Association to pass named arguments to the template: