QueueingNetworkProcess[γ,r,μ,c]
表示一个开放式 (Jackson) 排队网络过程,其中到达向量为 γ,路线概率矩阵为 r,服务向量为 μ,服务通道向量为 c.
QueueingNetworkProcess[γ,r,μ,c,k]
表示闭合 (Gordon–Newell)排队网络过程,系统中有k 个任务.
QueueingNetworkProcess
QueueingNetworkProcess[γ,r,μ,c]
表示一个开放式 (Jackson) 排队网络过程,其中到达向量为 γ,路线概率矩阵为 r,服务向量为 μ,服务通道向量为 c.
QueueingNetworkProcess[γ,r,μ,c,k]
表示闭合 (Gordon–Newell)排队网络过程,系统中有k 个任务.
更多信息
- QueueingNetworkProcess 是一个连续时间和离散状态过程.
- 时间 t 处的QueueingNetworkProcess 是时间 t 处网络中的顾客数目.
- 网络中节点 i 处的到达服从 PoissonProcess[γi].
- 网络中节点 i 处的服务时间服从 ExponentialDistribution[μi].
- QueueingNetworkProcess 中,c 可以是由正整数组成的任意向量,k 是任意正整数,而路线概率矩阵 r 必须位于 0 和 1 之间.
- QueueingNetworkProcess 可以与诸如 QueueProperties、StationaryDistribution 和 RandomFunction 等函数一起使用.
范例
打开所有单元 关闭所有单元基本范例 (2)
γ = {0, 0, 0, 0};μ = {1, 0.7, 1, 2};
r = {{0, 0.5, 0.3, 0.2}, {1, 0, 0, 0}, {1, 0, 0, 0}, {1, 0, 0, 0}};
c = {1, 1, 1, 1};k = 7;𝒩 = QueueingNetworkProcess[γ, r, μ, c, k];data = RandomFunction[𝒩, {0, 100}]ListStepPlot[data, Filling -> Axis]γ = {4, 5};μ = {8, 10};
r = {{0, 1 / 2}, {1 / 4, 0}};
c = {1, 1};𝒩 = QueueingNetworkProcess[γ, r, μ, c];QueueProperties[{𝒩, 1}]范围 (10)
简单前馈网络 (2)
γ = {3., 0, 0};μ = {4, 7, 8.2};
r = {{0, 1, 0}, {0, 0, 1}, {0, 0, 0}};
c = {1, 1, 1};𝒩 = QueueingNetworkProcess[γ, r, μ, c];r//MatrixFormProbability[x == 2 && y == 1 && z == 3, {x, y, z}𝒩[∞]]Probability[x == 2 && y == 1 && z == 3, {x, y, z}ProductDistribution[QueueingProcess[3, 4][∞], QueueingProcess[3, 7][∞], QueueingProcess[3, 8.2][∞]]]QueueProperties[{𝒩, 1}]γ = {3., 4, 0, 2, 1};μ = {4, 6, 8.2, 9, 11};
r = {{0, 0, 1, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 1, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0.3, 0.7}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0}};
c = {1, 1, 1, 1, 1};r//MatrixForm𝒩 = QueueingNetworkProcess[γ, r, μ, c];Probability[x1 == 1 && x2 == 1 && x3 == 0 && x4 == 0 && x5 == 2, {x1, x2, x3, x4, x5}𝒩[∞]]Probability[x1 == 1 && x2 == 1 && x3 == 0 && x4 == 0 && x5 == 2, {x1, x2, x3, x4, x5}ProductDistribution[QueueingProcess[3, 4][∞], QueueingProcess[4, 6][∞], QueueingProcess[3 + 4, 8.2][∞], QueueingProcess[7 * 0.3 + 2, 9][∞], QueueingProcess[7 * 0.7 + 1, 11][∞]]]Table[QueueProperties[{𝒩, i}], {i, {4, 5}}]简单反馈网络 (3)
𝒩 = QueueingNetworkProcess[{γ}, {{p}}, {μ}, {1}];网络的稳定状态的 PDF:
𝒟 = StationaryDistribution[𝒩];PDF[𝒟, {n}]Sum[%, {n, 0, ∞}]QueueProperties[{𝒩, 1}]//Simplifyγ = {4, 7};μ = {9, 14};
r = {{0, 1 / 3}, {1 / 8, 0}};
c = {1, 1};𝒩 = QueueingNetworkProcess[γ, r, μ, c];r//MatrixFormTotal[Table[QueueProperties[{𝒩, i}, "MeanSystemSize"], {i, 2}]]//N% / Total[γ]//Nγ = {0, 0, 0};μ = {2.5, 1.1, 4.5};
r = {{0, 1, 0}, {0, 0, 1}, {1, 0, 0}};
c = {1, 2, 1};k = 9;𝒩 = QueueingNetworkProcess[γ, r, μ, c, k];r//MatrixFormdata = RandomFunction[𝒩, {0, 40}]["Path"];Table[ListLinePlot[Table[{data[[i, 1]], data[[i, 2, j]]}, {i, Length[data]}], Filling -> Axis, FillingStyle -> LightRed, ImageSize -> 135], {j, 3}]Jackson 网络 (2)
γ = {3, 6};μ = {7, 17};
r = {{1 / 6., 1 / 9}, {1 / 4, 1 / 8}};
c = {1, 1};𝒩 = QueueingNetworkProcess[γ, r, μ, c];data = RandomFunction[𝒩, {0, 100}]["Path"];Table[ListLinePlot[Table[{data[[i, 1]], data[[i, 2, j]]}, {i, Length[data]}], Filling -> Axis, FillingStyle -> LightRed], {j, 2}]Table[QueueProperties[{𝒩, i}], {i, 2}]γ = {1, 5};μ = {3, 8};
r = {{1 / 4, 1 / 9}, {1 / 8, 0}};
c = {1, 1};𝒩 = QueueingNetworkProcess[γ, r, μ, c];𝒟 = StationaryDistribution[𝒩];PDF[𝒟, {m, n}]Sum[%, {m, 0, ∞}, {n, 0, ∞}]DiscretePlot3D[PDF[𝒟, {m, n}]//Evaluate, {m, 0, 4}, {n, 0, 4}, ExtentSize -> 0.5, PlotRange -> All]CDF[𝒟, {m, n}]DiscretePlot3D[CDF[𝒟, {m, n}]//Evaluate, {m, 0, 35}, {n, 0, 35}, ExtentSize -> Right, PlotRange -> {0, 1.05}]Mean[𝒟]Table[QueueProperties[{𝒩, i}, "MeanSystemSize"], {i, 2}]Variance[𝒟]Table[Variance[MarginalDistribution[𝒟, i]], {i, 2}]NProbability[m + n < 7, {m, n}𝒟]Expectation[m ^ 3 + n ^ 2, {m, n}𝒟]Gordon–Newell 网络 (3)
γ = {0, 0, 0};μ = {1.3, 4, 5};
r = {{0, 0.2, 0.8}, {0, 0, 1}, {0.3, 0.7, 0}};
c = {1, 2, 1};k = 10;𝒩 = QueueingNetworkProcess[γ, r, μ, c, k];γQueueProperties[{𝒩, 2}]data = RandomFunction[𝒩, {0, 100}]["Path"];Table[ListLinePlot[Table[{data[[i, 1]], data[[i, 2, j]]}, {i, Length[data]}], Filling -> Axis, FillingStyle -> LightRed], {j, 2}]γ = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};μ = {85, 85, 120, 120, 70, 20, 20};
r = {{1 / 3, 1 / 4, 0, 1 / 4, 0, 1 / 6, 0},
{1 / 3, 1 / 4, 0, 1 / 4, 1 / 6, 0, 0},
{0, 0, 1 / 3, 1 / 3, 1 / 3, 0, 0},
{1 / 3, 0, 1 / 3, 0, 1 / 3, 0, 0},
{0, 0, 0, 5 / 6, 0, 0, 1 / 6},
{1 / 6, 1 / 6, 1 / 6, 1 / 6, 1 / 6, 1 / 6, 0},
{0, 1 / 6, 1 / 6, 1 / 6, 1 / 6, 1 / 6, 1 / 6}};
c = {1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1};k = 35;𝒩 = QueueingNetworkProcess[γ, r, μ, c, k];Table[QueueProperties[{𝒩, i}, "MeanSystemSize"], {i, 7}]//NTable[QueueProperties[{𝒩, i}, "MeanSystemTime"], {i, 7}]//NTable[QueueProperties[{𝒩, i}, "MeanQueueSize"], {i, 7}]//NTable[QueueProperties[{𝒩, i}, "MeanQueueTime"], {i, 7}]//Nγ = {0, 0, 0};μ = {3, 4, 8};
r = {{0, 1, 0}, {0, 0, 1}, {1, 0, 0}};
c = {1, 1, 1};k = 2;𝒩 = QueueingNetworkProcess[γ, r, μ, c, k];𝒟 = StationaryDistribution[𝒩];PDF[𝒟, {m, n, p}]Sum[%, {m, 0, ∞}, {n, 0, ∞}, {p, 0, ∞}]Mean[𝒟]Table[QueueProperties[{𝒩, i}, "MeanSystemSize"], {i, 3}]Variance[𝒟]Probability[m + n > p, {m, n, p}𝒟]Expectation[m + n + p, {m, n, p}𝒟]Expectation[m ^ 3 + n ^ 2 + p, {m, n, p}𝒟]应用 (12)
机器维修 (3)
电子产品制造商使用五个机器人制造电路板. 机器人出故障的时间服从均值为30个小时的指数分布. 该公司有两名修理工可以维修机器人,修理时间服从均值为3小时的指数分布. 求在给定时间,通过使用具有两个状态(“可运作”和“坏掉”)的队列网络,可运作的机器人的平均数目:
γ = {0, 0};μ = {1 / 30, 1 / 3};
r = {{0, 1}, {1, 0}};
c = {5, 2};k = 5;maintenanceNetwork = QueueingNetworkProcess[γ, r, μ, c, k];QueueProperties[{maintenanceNetwork, 1}, "MeanSystemSize"]//N工厂中的两个机器需要在任何时候都可以运作. 机器根据平均失效率
的指数分布出故障. 在出故障时,机器有
的概率被单个维修人员局部修好,该人员的工作服从参数为
的指数分布. 在概率
下,机器必须被一个专家修好,该专家的工作服从参数为
的指数分布. 也存在
的概率,机器在完成局部维修后还需要专家维修. 通过使用状态为 "working"(可运作)、"locallyRepairable"(局部可维修)和 "specialistRepairable"(专家可维修) 的排队网络,求两个机器都运作的时间的百分比:
γ = {0, 0, 0};μ = {1, 1, 3};
r = {{0, 3 / 4, 1 / 4}, {2 / 3, 0, 1 / 3}, {1, 0, 0}};
c = {2, 1, 1};k = 2;repairNetwork = QueueingNetworkProcess[γ, r, μ, c, k];PDF[repairNetwork[∞], {2, 0, 0}]//N大量机器共享的修理厂有两个连续的修理站,修理速率分别为每小时1个和每小时两个. 机器的累积故障率是每小时0.5. 求修理厂的两个修理站都是闲置状态的概率:
γ = {0.5, 0};μ = {1, 2};
r = {{0, 1}, {0, 0}};
c = {1, 1};serviceNetwork = QueueingNetworkProcess[γ, r, μ, c];PDF[serviceNetwork[∞], {0, 0}]QueueProperties[{serviceNetwork, 1}, "MeanSystemTime"] + QueueProperties[{serviceNetwork, 2}, "MeanSystemTime"]计算机系统 (4)
在三个路由器组成的串联网络中,数据包以每秒100个数据包的速率到达. 三个路由器的服务速率分别是每秒250个数据包、150个以及200个. 求在串联网络下,三个路由器每个都有两个数据包到达的概率:
γ = {100, 0, 0};μ = {250, 150, 200};
r = {{0, 1, 0}, {0, 0, 1}, {0, 0, 0}};
c = {1, 1, 1};routerProcess = QueueingNetworkProcess[γ, r, μ, c];𝒟 = StationaryDistribution[routerProcess];PDF[𝒟, {2, 2, 2}]N[%]使用 Probability 获取相同结果:
Probability[x == 2 && y == 2 && z == 2, {x, y, z}𝒟]//NProbability[x + y + z == 3, {x, y, z}𝒟]//N在三个节点的中央服务器系统中,有10个请求在循环. 中央服务器(节点1)以概率 0.3 和 0.7 发送请求给剩下的两个节点. 这三个节点的指数服务时间分别为 1、2 和 0.8. 求在这个由服务器组成的闭合式网络中的瓶颈装置:
γ = {0, 0, 0};μ = {1, 1 / 2, 1 / 0.8};
r = {{0, 0.3, 0.7}, {1, 0, 0}, {1, 0, 0}};
c = {1, 1, 1};k = 10;serverNetwork = QueueingNetworkProcess[γ, r, μ, c, k];Table[QueueProperties[{serverNetwork, i}, "MeanSystemTime"], {i, 3}]Table[QueueProperties[{serverNetwork, i}, "MeanSystemSize"], {i, 3}]在三个节点的中央服务器系统中,有10个请求在循环. 中央服务器(节点1)以概率 0.3 和 0.5 发送请求给剩下的两个节点. 额外的请求只到达中央服务器,并且服从速率为 0.15 的泊松过程,而这三个节点的指数服务时间分别为 1、2 和 0.8. 求在这个由服务器组成的开放式网络中的瓶颈装置:
γ = {0.15, 0, 0};μ = {1, 1 / 2, 1 / 0.8};
r = {{0, 0.3, 0.5}, {1, 0, 0}, {1, 0, 0}};
c = {1, 1, 1};serverNetwork = QueueingNetworkProcess[γ, r, μ, c];Table[QueueProperties[{serverNetwork, i}, "MeanSystemTime"], {i, 3}]Table[QueueProperties[{serverNetwork, i}, "MeanSystemSize"], {i, 3}]新程序以速率 γ 的泊松过程到达 CPU. 程序在 CPU 中花的执行时间服从均值为 1/μ 1 的指数分布. 在该阶段,程序执行或者以概率 p 完成,或者以概率 1-p 需要从二级存储获取额外的信息. 从二级存储获取信息要求的时间服从均值为 1/μ 2 的指数分布. 求每个程序在系统中所花的平均时间:
cpuProcess = QueueingNetworkProcess[{γ, 0}, {{0, 1 - p}, {1, 0}}, {μ1, μ2}, {1, 1}];(QueueProperties[{cpuProcess, 1}, "MeanSystemSize"] + QueueProperties[{cpuProcess, 2}, "MeanSystemSize"]) / γ//FullSimplify客户服务 (1)
客户以每小时40个的平均速率的泊松过程到达超市. 他们在收银台付款前平均花
小时来装满购物车. 付款时间服从平均4分钟的指数分布. 求在任何给定时间商店内客户的平均数目:
γ = {40, 0};μ = {4 / 3, 60 / 4};
r = {{0, 1}, {0, 0}};
c = {∞, 4};shoppingProcess = QueueingNetworkProcess[γ, r, μ, c];QueueProperties[{shoppingProcess, 1}, "MeanSystemSize"] + QueueProperties[{shoppingProcess, 2}, "MeanSystemSize"]//N通讯网络 (2)
一个发射器有发送消息的两种许可证. 只要发射器有一个许可证,它就以指数速率 λ 生成消息. 消息到达发送系统,并且以指数速率 μ 发送. 只要消息到达发送系统的另一端,对应的许可证以指数速率 μ 发送回发射器. 求网络的稳定状态概率质量函数:
γ = {0, 0, 0};s = {λ, μ, μ};
r = {{0, 1, 0}, {0, 0, 1}, {1, 0, 0}};
c = {1, 1, 1};k = 2;transmissionProcess = QueueingNetworkProcess[γ, r, s, c, k];𝒟 = StationaryDistribution[transmissionProcess];PDF[𝒟, {m, n, p}]Probability[m == 0, {m, n, p}𝒟]下面显示在保险公司的电话系统. 电话以 800 号码呼进(黑色)并且然后被转给索赔(红色)或者保单服务(蓝色):
Graph[{1 -> 2, 1 -> 3, Table[2 -> i, {i, 4, 6}], Table[3 -> j, {j, 7, 13}], 2 -> 3, 3 -> 2}//Flatten, VertexStyle -> Evaluate[{1 -> Black, 2 -> Red, 3 -> Blue, Table[j -> Green, {j, 4, 6}], Table[j -> Orange, {j, 7, 13}]}//Flatten], VertexSize -> Large, PlotTheme -> "DiagramBlock", ImageSize -> 300]γ = {35, 0, 0};μ = {120, 10, 3};MatrixForm[r = {{0, 0.55, 0.45}, {0, 0, 0.02}, {0, 0.01, 0}}]c = {1, 3, 7};𝒩 = QueueingNetworkProcess[γ, r, μ, c];Table[QueueProperties[{𝒩, i}, "MeanQueueSize"], {i, 3}](Underoverscript[∑, i, 3]QueueProperties[{𝒩, i}, "MeanSystemSize"]) / 35% 60机场候机楼 (1)
乘客到达机场,并且走到航站楼的四个值机柜台之一. 接下来,他们进行安检,最后他们从航站楼的三个登机口之一登机:
Graph[{1 -> 5, 2 -> 5, 3 -> 5, 4 -> 5, 5 -> 6, 5 -> 7, 5 -> 8}, VertexStyle -> {1 -> Blue, 2 -> Blue, 3 -> Blue, 4 -> Blue, 5 -> Orange, 6 -> Red, 7 -> Red, 8 -> Red}, VertexSize -> 0.1, ImageSize -> 300]proc = QueueingNetworkProcess[{300., 400, 200, 250, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {{0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3. / 10, 5. / 10, 2 / 10}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}}, {400, 500, 700, 300, 1200, 350, 450, 400}, {1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1}];{QueueProperties[{proc, 5}], QueueProperties[{proc, 8}]}物流网络 (1)
Graph[{12, 13, 14, 25, 26, 37, 38, 49, 410},
VertexShape -> {1 -> [image], 2 -> [image], 3 -> [image], 4 -> [image], 5 -> [image], 6 -> [image], 7 -> [image], 8 -> [image], 9 -> [image], 10 -> [image]}, VertexSize -> 0.8]γ = {13., 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};μ = {14, 10, 11.2, 5, 14, 12.8, 13.4, 17.2, 15.9, 18.1};c = Table[1, {10}];r = (| | | | | | | | | | |
| - | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 0 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.3 | 0.7 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |);𝒩 = QueueingNetworkProcess[γ, r, μ, c];Row[Table[QueueProperties[{𝒩, i}], {i, {2, 3}}]]属性和关系 (3)
𝒩 = QueueingNetworkProcess[{γ}, {{p}}, {μ}, {1}];λ = (λ1 /. Solve[λ1 == γ + λ1 p, λ1][[1]])𝒬 = QueueingProcess[λ, μ];PDF[StationaryDistribution[𝒩], {k}]PDF[StationaryDistribution[𝒬], k]γ = {α, 0};μ = {a, b};
r = {{0, 1}, {0, 0}};
c = {1, 1};𝒩 = QueueingNetworkProcess[γ, r, μ, c];网络的稳定状态的 PDF:
𝒟 = StationaryDistribution[𝒩];pdf1 = PDF[𝒟, {x, y}]𝒬1 = QueueingProcess[α, a];𝒬2 = QueueingProcess[α, b];pdf2 = PDF[ProductDistribution[StationaryDistribution[𝒬1], StationaryDistribution[𝒬2]], {x, y}]pdf1 == pdf2γ = {0, 0};μ = {5, 1.7};
r = {{0.1, 0.9}, {0.8, 0.2}};
c = {1, 1};k = 7;𝒩 = QueueingNetworkProcess[γ, r, μ, c, k];data = RandomFunction[𝒩, {0, 5}]["Path"][[All, 2]]Total[data, {-1}]巧妙范例 (1)
γ = {0, 0, 0, 0};r = {{0, 0.5, 0.3, 0.2}, {1, 0, 0, 0}, {1, 0, 0, 0}, {1, 0, 0, 0}};μ = {1, 0.5, 1, 2};c = {1, 1, 1, 1};k = 7;𝒩 = QueueingNetworkProcess[γ, r, μ, c, k];data = RandomFunction[𝒩, {0, 10 ^ 4}];{QueueProperties[{𝒩, 2}], QueueProperties[{data, 2}]}文本
Wolfram Research (2012),QueueingNetworkProcess,Wolfram 语言函数,https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/QueueingNetworkProcess.html.
CMS
Wolfram 语言. 2012. "QueueingNetworkProcess." Wolfram 语言与系统参考资料中心. Wolfram Research. https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/QueueingNetworkProcess.html.
APA
Wolfram 语言. (2012). QueueingNetworkProcess. Wolfram 语言与系统参考资料中心. 追溯自 https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/QueueingNetworkProcess.html 年
BibTeX
@misc{reference.wolfram_2026_queueingnetworkprocess, author="Wolfram Research", title="{QueueingNetworkProcess}", year="2012", howpublished="\url{https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/QueueingNetworkProcess.html}", note=[Accessed: 02-November-2026]}
BibLaTeX
@online{reference.wolfram_2026_queueingnetworkprocess, organization={Wolfram Research}, title={QueueingNetworkProcess}, year={2012}, url={https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/QueueingNetworkProcess.html}, note=[Accessed: 02-November-2026]}