--- title: "VideoJoin" language: "en" type: "Symbol" summary: "VideoJoin[video1, video2, ...] concatenates all videoi and returns a video object." keywords: - video join - video combine - video sequence - video editing - video concatenate - chain video canonical_url: "https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/VideoJoin.html" source: "Wolfram Language Documentation" related_guides: - title: "Video Editing" link: "https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/VideoEditing.en.md" - title: "Video Computation: Update History" link: "https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/VideoComputation-UpdateHistory.en.md" --- [EXPERIMENTAL] # VideoJoin VideoJoin[video1, video2, …] concatenates all videoi and returns a video object. ## Details and Options * ``VideoJoin`` is typically used to combine multiple video files in a sequence. [image] * Video objects ``videoi`` may have different properties, including frame size and frame rate. The properties are conformed before joining. * Video objects may have different numbers of tracks. Corresponding tracks are joined together. * By default, ``VideoJoin`` places the new video under the ``"Video"`` directory in ``\$WolframDocumentsDirectory``. * The following options can be specified: | | | | | ----------------------- | ------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------- | | AudioEncoding | Automatic | audio encoding to use | | CompressionLevel | Automatic | compression level to use | | ConformationMethod | Automatic | how to conform frames of different sizes | | FrameRate | Automatic | frame rate to use | | GeneratedAssetFormat | Automatic | the file format of the result | | GeneratedAssetLocation | \$GeneratedAssetLocation | location of the generated asset | | OverwriteTarget | Automatic | whether to overwrite an existing file | | RasterSize | Automatic | raster size of video frames | | SampleRate | Automatic | sample rate to use | | SubtitleEncoding | Automatic | subtitle encoding to use | | TransitionDirection | Automatic | direction of the transition | | TransitionDuration | Automatic | duration of the transition | | TransitionEffect | Automatic | transition effect to use | | VideoEncoding | Automatic | video encoding to use | | VideoTransparency | False | whether the output video should have a transparency channel | * By default, videos are joined without any transition effect. * Using ``TransitionDuration -> dur``, videos are overlapped by the specified duration ``dur`` during which the transition happens. * Supported settings for ``TransitionEffect`` are: | | | | ------ | -------------------------------------------------- | | None | update instantly without a visual effect | | "Fade" | fade from old content to new | | "Push" | have new content push old content away | | "Wipe" | fade from old content to new using a wiping effect | --- ## Examples (20) ### Basic Examples (1) Join two videos: ```wl In[1]:= v1 = Video["ExampleData/fish.mp4"]; v2 = Video["ExampleData/rule30.mp4"]; In[2]:= VideoJoin[v1, v2] Out[2]= \!\(\*VideoBox["![Embedded Video Player](video://content-lz8l6)"]\) ``` ### Scope (2) Join videos with similar properties: ```wl In[1]:= v = Video["ExampleData/Caminandes.mp4"]; segments = VideoTrim[v, {{10, 20}, {30, 35}}] Out[1]= {\!\(\*VideoBox[...]\), \!\(\*VideoBox[...]\)} In[2]:= Duration /@ segments Out[2]= {Quantity[10., "Seconds"], Quantity[5., "Seconds"]} In[3]:= VideoJoin[segments] Out[3]= \!\(\*VideoBox["![Embedded Video Player](video://content-m4vqy)"]\) ``` --- Join videos with different properties: ```wl In[1]:= v1 = Video["ExampleData/fish.mp4"]; v2 = Video["ExampleData/bullfinch.mkv"]; In[2]:= Information[#, {"Duration", "OriginalRasterSize"}]& /@ {v1, v2} Out[2]= {{Quantity[3.4, "Seconds"], <|1 -> {320, 180}|>}, {Quantity[15.022, "Seconds"], <|1 -> {640, 360}|>}} ``` Properties of the resulting video are chosen such that most input data can be stored in the output: ```wl In[3]:= VideoJoin[v1, v2]; Information[%] Out[3]= InformationData[Association["ObjectType" -> "Video", "Duration" -> Quantity[18.42, "Seconds"], "RasterSize" -> Automatic, "BitRate" -> Quantity[990837, "Bits"/"Seconds"], "VideoTracks" -> Dataset[Association[1 -> Association["OriginalRasterSi ... itiesDump`rest___]] :> Quantity[NumberForm[ N[Video`VideoUtilitiesDump`x], {10, 2}], Video`VideoUtilitiesDump`rest]] & )]], "ResourcePath" -> File["/Users/shadi/Documents/Wolfram/Video/VideoJoin-2024-10-30T22-59-52.mp4"]], True] ``` ### Options (17) #### AudioEncoding (1) Specify the audio encoding to use: ```wl In[1]:= v1 = Video["ExampleData/Caminandes.mp4"]; In[2]:= v2 = Video["ExampleData/bullfinch.mkv"]; In[3]:= Information[VideoJoin[v1, v2, AudioEncoding -> "LIBMP3LAME"], "AudioTracks"] Out[3]= Dataset[Association[1 -> Association["AudioEncoding" -> "MP3FLOAT", "AudioChannels" -> 2, "AudioBitDepth" -> 32, "SampleRate" -> Quantity[48000, "Samples"/"Seconds"]], 2 -> Association["AudioEncoding" -> "MP3FLOAT", "AudioChannels" -> 1, "AudioBitDepth" -> 32, "SampleRate" -> Quantity[44100, "Samples"/"Seconds"]], 3 -> Association["AudioEncoding" -> "MP3FLOAT", "AudioChannels" -> 1, "AudioBitDepth" -> 32, "SampleRate" -> Quantity[44100, "Samples"/"Seconds"]]]] ``` #### CompressionLevel (1) Join videos using default compression: ```wl In[1]:= v1 = Video["ExampleData/Caminandes.mp4"]; In[2]:= v2 = Video["ExampleData/bullfinch.mkv"]; In[3]:= FileSize[Information[VideoJoin[v1, v2], "ResourcePath"]] Out[3]= Quantity[32.923082, "Megabytes"] ``` Use maximum compression: ```wl In[4]:= FileSize[Information[VideoJoin[v1, v2, CompressionLevel -> 1], "ResourcePath"]] Out[4]= Quantity[3.058478, "Megabytes"] ``` The choice of encoders affects the amount by which a file can be compressed: ```wl In[5]:= FileSize[Information[VideoJoin[v1, v2, VideoEncoding -> "LIBVPX-VP9"], "ResourcePath"]] Out[5]= Quantity[7.42751, "Megabytes"] In[6]:= FileSize[Information[VideoJoin[v1, v2, VideoEncoding -> "LIBVPX-VP9", CompressionLevel -> 1], "ResourcePath"]] Out[6]= Quantity[7.085496999999999, "Megabytes"] ``` #### ConformationMethod (2) By default, black padding is used when images are not stretched to fit the common image size: ```wl In[1]:= {v1, v2} = SlideShowVideo[#, IconizedObject[«dur»]]& /@ {[image], [image]}; ``` By default, a common frame size is used and videos are made to fit in the frame: ```wl In[2]:= VideoJoin[v1, v2]//VideoFrameList[#, 2]& Out[2]= {[image], [image]} ``` Use ``"Fill"`` fitting to fill the whole canvas for all frames: ```wl In[3]:= VideoJoin[v1, v2, ConformationMethod -> "Fill"]//VideoFrameList[#, 2]& Out[3]= {[image], [image]} ``` Use ``"Stretch"`` fitting to resize the frames: ```wl In[4]:= VideoJoin[v1, v2, ConformationMethod -> "Stretch"]//VideoFrameList[#, 2]& Out[4]= {[image], [image]} ``` Perform windowboxing when fitting frames: ```wl In[5]:= VideoJoin[v1, v2, ConformationMethod -> "Windowbox"]//VideoFrameList[#, 2]& Out[5]= {[image], [image]} ``` Specify a padding value: ```wl In[6]:= VideoJoin[v1, v2, ConformationMethod -> {"Windowbox", Padding -> Green}]//VideoFrameList[#, 2]& Out[6]= {[image], [image]} ``` --- Use the ``RasterSize`` option to specify the desired frame dimensions: ```wl In[1]:= {v1, v2} = SlideShowVideo[#, IconizedObject[«dur»]]& /@ {[image], [image]}; ``` By default, a common frame size is used and videos are made to fit in the frame: ```wl In[2]:= VideoJoin[v1, v2, RasterSize -> {200, 100}]//VideoFrameList[#, 2]& Out[2]= {[image], [image]} ``` Specify the padding value: ```wl In[3]:= VideoJoin[v1, v2, RasterSize -> {200, 100}, ConformationMethod -> Padding -> Green]//VideoFrameList[#, 2]& Out[3]= {[image], [image]} ``` Specify a different fitting scheme: ```wl In[4]:= VideoJoin[v1, v2, RasterSize -> {200, 100}, ConformationMethod -> "Stretch"]//VideoFrameList[#, 2]& Out[4]= {[image], [image]} ``` #### FrameRate (1) By default, the largest frame rate (rounded to the nearest integer value) is used: ```wl In[1]:= v1 = Video["ExampleData/Caminandes.mp4"]; In[2]:= v2 = Video["ExampleData/bullfinch.mkv"]; In[3]:= Information[#, "VideoTracks"]& /@ {v1, v2} Out[3]= {Dataset[Association[1 -> Association["OriginalRasterSize" -> {852, 480}, "VideoEncoding" -> "H264", "BitDepth" -> 8, "ColorSpace" -> "RGB", "FrameRate" -> Quantity[24, "Frames"/"Seconds"]]]], Dataset[Association[1 -> Association["OriginalRasterSize" -> {640, 360}, "VideoEncoding" -> "VP9", "BitDepth" -> 8, "ColorSpace" -> "RGB", "FrameRate" -> Quantity[Rational[30000, 1001], "Frames"/"Seconds"]]]]} In[4]:= Information[VideoJoin[v1, v2], "VideoTracks"] Out[4]= Dataset[Association[1 -> Association["OriginalRasterSize" -> {852, 480}, "VideoEncoding" -> "H264", "BitDepth" -> 8, "ColorSpace" -> "RGB", "FrameRate" -> Quantity[30, "Frames"/"Seconds"]]]] ``` Specify the frame rate to use: ```wl In[5]:= Information[VideoJoin[v1, v2, FrameRate -> 15], "VideoTracks"] Out[5]= Dataset[Association[1 -> Association["OriginalRasterSize" -> {852, 480}, "VideoEncoding" -> "H264", "BitDepth" -> 8, "ColorSpace" -> "RGB", "FrameRate" -> Quantity[15, "Frames"/"Seconds"]]]] ``` #### GeneratedAssetLocation (1) By default, generated video files are stored in ``\$WolframDocumentsDirectory`` : ```wl In[1]:= v1 = Video["ExampleData/Caminandes.mp4"]; In[2]:= v2 = Video["ExampleData/bullfinch.mkv"]; In[3]:= Information[VideoJoin[v1, v2], "ResourcePath"] Out[3]= File["F:\\Documents\\Wolfram\\Video\\VideoJoin-f5875d50-6bc3-4e0f-b391-c369f52b6cfd.mp4"] ``` Specify the output file directory: ```wl In[4]:= Information[VideoJoin[v1, v2, GeneratedAssetLocation -> $TemporaryDirectory], "ResourcePath"] Out[4]= File["C:\\Users\\piotr\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\VideoJoin-bcc05a55-623f-4781-8fce-61440c3caac0.mp4"] ``` Specify the output file path: ```wl In[5]:= Information[VideoJoin[v1, v2, GeneratedAssetLocation -> FileNameJoin[{$TemporaryDirectory, "out.mkv"}]], "ResourcePath"] Out[5]= File["C:\\Users\\user\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\out.mkv"] ``` #### OverwriteTarget (1) By default, existing files are not overwritten: ```wl In[1]:= v1 = Video["ExampleData/Caminandes.mp4"]; In[2]:= v2 = Video["ExampleData/bullfinch.mkv"]; In[3]:= Information[VideoJoin[v1, v2, GeneratedAssetLocation -> FileNameJoin[{$TemporaryDirectory, "out.mkv"}]], "ResourcePath"] Out[3]= File["C:\\Users\\user\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\out.mkv"] In[4]:= VideoJoin[v1, v2, GeneratedAssetLocation -> FileNameJoin[{$TemporaryDirectory, "out.mkv"}]]//Head ``` VideoJoin::filex: C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Temp\out.mkv already exists. ```wl Out[4]= VideoJoin ``` Overwrite existing file: ```wl In[5]:= Information[VideoJoin[v1, v2, GeneratedAssetLocation -> FileNameJoin[{$TemporaryDirectory, "out.mkv"}], OverwriteTarget -> True], "ResourcePath"] Out[5]= File["C:\\Users\\user\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\out.mkv"] ``` #### RasterSize (1) By default, the largest raster size is used: ```wl In[1]:= v1 = Video["ExampleData/Caminandes.mp4"]; In[2]:= v2 = Video["ExampleData/bullfinch.mkv"]; In[3]:= Information[#, "VideoTracks"]& /@ {v1, v2} Out[3]= {Dataset[Association[1 -> Association["OriginalRasterSize" -> {852, 480}, "VideoEncoding" -> "H264", "BitDepth" -> 8, "ColorSpace" -> "RGB", "FrameRate" -> Quantity[24, "Frames"/"Seconds"]]]], Dataset[Association[1 -> Association["OriginalRasterSize" -> {640, 360}, "VideoEncoding" -> "VP9", "BitDepth" -> 8, "ColorSpace" -> "RGB", "FrameRate" -> Quantity[Rational[30000, 1001], "Frames"/"Seconds"]]]]} In[4]:= Information[VideoJoin[v1, v2], "VideoTracks"] Out[4]= Dataset[Association[1 -> Association["OriginalRasterSize" -> {852, 480}, "VideoEncoding" -> "H264", "BitDepth" -> 8, "ColorSpace" -> "RGB", "FrameRate" -> Quantity[30, "Frames"/"Seconds"]]]] ``` Specify the raster width to use, while preserving the aspect ratio: ```wl In[5]:= Information[VideoJoin[v1, v2, RasterSize -> 100], "VideoTracks"] Out[5]= Dataset[Association[1 -> Association["OriginalRasterSize" -> {100, 56}, "VideoEncoding" -> "H264", "BitDepth" -> 8, "ColorSpace" -> "RGB", "FrameRate" -> Quantity[30, "Frames"/"Seconds"]]]] ``` Specify the raster width and height: ```wl In[6]:= Information[VideoJoin[v1, v2, RasterSize -> {200, 100}], "VideoTracks"] Out[6]= Dataset[Association[1 -> Association["OriginalRasterSize" -> {200, 100}, "VideoEncoding" -> "H264", "BitDepth" -> 8, "ColorSpace" -> "RGB", "FrameRate" -> Quantity[30, "Frames"/"Seconds"]]]] ``` #### SampleRate (1) By default, the largest sample rate is used: ```wl In[1]:= v1 = Video["ExampleData/Caminandes.mp4"]; In[2]:= v2 = Video["ExampleData/bullfinch.mkv"]; In[3]:= Information[#, "AudioTracks"]& /@ {v1, v2} Out[3]= {Dataset[Association[1 -> Association["AudioEncoding" -> "AAC", "AudioChannels" -> 2, "AudioBitDepth" -> 32, "SampleRate" -> Quantity[44100, "Samples"/"Seconds"]]]], Dataset[Association[1 -> Association["AudioEncoding" -> "VORBIS", "AudioChann ... s" -> 1, "AudioBitDepth" -> 32, "SampleRate" -> Quantity[44100, "Samples"/"Seconds"]], 3 -> Association["AudioEncoding" -> "VORBIS", "AudioChannels" -> 1, "AudioBitDepth" -> 32, "SampleRate" -> Quantity[44100, "Samples"/"Seconds"]]]]} In[4]:= Information[VideoJoin[v1, v2], "AudioTracks"] Out[4]= Dataset[Association[1 -> Association["AudioEncoding" -> "AAC", "AudioChannels" -> 2, "AudioBitDepth" -> 32, "SampleRate" -> Quantity[48000, "Samples"/"Seconds"]], 2 -> Association["AudioEncoding" -> "AAC", "AudioChannels" -> 1, "AudioBitDepth" -> 32, "SampleRate" -> Quantity[44100, "Samples"/"Seconds"]], 3 -> Association["AudioEncoding" -> "AAC", "AudioChannels" -> 1, "AudioBitDepth" -> 32, "SampleRate" -> Quantity[44100, "Samples"/"Seconds"]]]] ``` Specify the sample rate to use: ```wl In[5]:= Information[VideoJoin[v1, v2, SampleRate -> 22050], "AudioTracks"] Out[5]= Dataset[Association[1 -> Association["AudioEncoding" -> "AAC", "AudioChannels" -> 2, "AudioBitDepth" -> 32, "SampleRate" -> Quantity[22050, "Samples"/"Seconds"]], 2 -> Association["AudioEncoding" -> "AAC", "AudioChannels" -> 1, "AudioBitDepth" -> 32, "SampleRate" -> Quantity[22050, "Samples"/"Seconds"]], 3 -> Association["AudioEncoding" -> "AAC", "AudioChannels" -> 1, "AudioBitDepth" -> 32, "SampleRate" -> Quantity[22050, "Samples"/"Seconds"]]]] ``` #### SubtitleEncoding (1) Specify the subtitle encoding to use: ```wl In[1]:= v1 = Video["ExampleData/Caminandes.mp4"]; In[2]:= v2 = Video["ExampleData/bullfinch.mkv"]; In[3]:= Information[VideoJoin[v1, v2, GeneratedAssetLocation -> FileNameJoin[{$TemporaryDirectory, "out.mkv"}], OverwriteTarget -> True, SubtitleEncoding -> "WEBVTT"], "SubtitleTracks"] Out[3]= Dataset[Association[1 -> Association["SubtitleEncoding" -> "WEBVTT"], 2 -> Association["SubtitleEncoding" -> "WEBVTT"]]] ``` #### TransitionDirection (2) Transition to the left: ```wl In[1]:= v1 = Video["ExampleData/fish.mp4"]; v2 = Video["ExampleData/rule30.mp4"]; In[2]:= VideoJoin[v1, v2, TransitionEffect -> "Push", TransitionDirection -> Left, RasterSize -> 300] Out[2]= \!\(\*VideoBox["![Embedded Video Player](video://content-t2zum)"]\) ``` --- Transition to the top: ```wl In[1]:= v1 = Video["ExampleData/fish.mp4"]; v2 = Video["ExampleData/rule30.mp4"]; In[2]:= VideoJoin[v1, v2, TransitionEffect -> "Push", TransitionDirection -> Top, RasterSize -> 300] Out[2]= \!\(\*VideoBox["![Embedded Video Player](video://content-cgynk)"]\) ``` #### TransitionDuration (1) Specify a transition duration for a smooth transition: ```wl In[1]:= v1 = Video["ExampleData/fish.mp4"]; v2 = Video["ExampleData/rule30.mp4"]; In[2]:= VideoJoin[v1, v2, TransitionDuration -> .8, RasterSize -> 300] Out[2]= \!\(\*VideoBox[...]\) ``` #### TransitionEffect (3) By default, no transition effect is happening: ```wl In[1]:= v1 = Video["ExampleData/fish.mp4"]; v2 = Video["ExampleData/rule30.mp4"]; In[2]:= VideoJoin[v1, v2, RasterSize -> 300] Out[2]= \!\(\*VideoBox[...]\) In[3]:= VideoExtractFrames[%4, Interval[{Duration[v1] - Quantity[0.1, "Seconds"], Duration[v1] + Quantity[0.1, "Seconds"]}]] Out[3]= [image] ``` --- Specify a transition duration for a smooth transition: ```wl In[1]:= v1 = Video["ExampleData/fish.mp4"]; v2 = Video["ExampleData/rule30.mp4"]; In[2]:= VideoJoin[v1, v2, TransitionEffect -> "Fade", TransitionDuration -> .8, RasterSize -> 300] Out[2]= \!\(\*VideoBox[...]\) ``` --- Specify a transition duration for a smooth transition: ```wl In[1]:= v1 = Video["ExampleData/fish.mp4"]; v2 = Video["ExampleData/rule30.mp4"]; In[2]:= VideoJoin[v1, v2, TransitionEffect -> "Push", TransitionDuration -> .8, RasterSize -> 300] Out[2]= \!\(\*VideoBox["![Embedded Video Player](video://content-tugzl)"]\) ``` #### VideoEncoding (1) Specify the video encoding to use: ```wl In[1]:= v1 = Video["ExampleData/Caminandes.mp4"]; In[2]:= v2 = Video["ExampleData/bullfinch.mkv"]; In[3]:= Information[VideoJoin[v1, v2, VideoEncoding -> "MPEG2VIDEO"], "VideoTracks"] Out[3]= Dataset[Association[1 -> Association["OriginalRasterSize" -> {852, 480}, "VideoEncoding" -> "MPEG2VIDEO", "BitDepth" -> 8, "ColorSpace" -> "RGB", "FrameRate" -> Quantity[30, "Frames"/"Seconds"]]]] ``` ## See Also * [`VideoInsert`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/VideoInsert.en.md) * [`VideoReplace`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/VideoReplace.en.md) * [`VideoCombine`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/VideoCombine.en.md) * [`VideoTrim`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/VideoTrim.en.md) * [`VideoSplit`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/VideoSplit.en.md) * [`VideoDelete`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/VideoDelete.en.md) * [`AudioJoin`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/AudioJoin.en.md) * [`Join`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Join.en.md) * [`MP4`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/format/MP4.en.md) * [`QuickTime`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/format/QuickTime.en.md) * [`Matroska`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/format/Matroska.en.md) * [`Ogg`](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/format/Ogg.en.md) ## Related Guides * [Video Editing](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/VideoEditing.en.md) * [Video Computation: Update History](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/VideoComputation-UpdateHistory.en.md) ## History * [Introduced in 2020 (12.2)](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/SummaryOfNewFeaturesIn122.en.md) \| [Updated in 2021 (12.3)](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/SummaryOfNewFeaturesIn123.en.md) ▪ [2021 (13.0)](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/SummaryOfNewFeaturesIn130.en.md) ▪ [2024 (14.0)](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/SummaryOfNewFeaturesIn140.en.md)