Rotate
✖
Rotate
Details and Options

- θ Degree or θ° specifies an angle in degrees.
- If Rotate appears outside a graphic, the object g in Rotate[g,θ] etc. can be any expression.
- You can specify special points such as {Left,Bottom} within the bounding box for g.
- The x position can be specified as Left, Center, or Right; the y position as Bottom, Center, or Top.
- If Rotate appears within a graphic, the coordinates {x,y} are taken to be in the coordinate system of the graphic.
- If Rotate appears outside a graphic, the coordinates {x,y} are taken to run from
to
across the bounding box of the object being rotated.
- Rotate[g,θ] is equivalent to Rotate[g,θ,{Center,Center}].
- For objects specified with scaled coordinates Scaled[{x,y}], Rotate effectively applies its transformation to the corresponding ordinary coordinates.
- If Rotate appears inside a graphic, Normal[expr] if possible replaces all Rotate[gi,…] constructs by versions of the gi in which the coordinates have explicitly been transformed.
Examples
open allclose allBasic Examples (3)Summary of the most common use cases
Scope (8)Survey of the scope of standard use cases
Transformation applied to a 2D shape:

https://wolfram.com/xid/0bn6tis-eyhjxd

https://wolfram.com/xid/0bn6tis-br0hjm

Transformation applied to a 3D shape:

https://wolfram.com/xid/0bn6tis-fd8e8c

https://wolfram.com/xid/0bn6tis-bj8jtv

Rotation around the vector anchored at the point
:

https://wolfram.com/xid/0bn6tis-cqxz6s

Rotation mapping vector to vector
:

https://wolfram.com/xid/0bn6tis-c1txhq

Rotation in the plane spanned by vectors and
:

https://wolfram.com/xid/0bn6tis-i1359


https://wolfram.com/xid/0bn6tis-ca1uuh

Rotate objects with scaled coordinates:

https://wolfram.com/xid/0bn6tis-bn0jhb

Keep the lower-right corner of the rectangle fixed:

https://wolfram.com/xid/0bn6tis-jno13

Applications (2)Sample problems that can be solved with this function
Properties & Relations (1)Properties of the function, and connections to other functions
When possible, Normal will transform the coordinates explicitly:

https://wolfram.com/xid/0bn6tis-mpiuyt

Possible Issues (4)Common pitfalls and unexpected behavior
By default, Rotate uses the center of the bounding box as the center of rotation:

https://wolfram.com/xid/0bn6tis-lab1c0

Explicitly specify a center of rotation:

https://wolfram.com/xid/0bn6tis-b884hk

Transforming an object may move it out of view:

https://wolfram.com/xid/0bn6tis-ef0b7s

Adjust the PlotRange to display the transformed object:

https://wolfram.com/xid/0bn6tis-i1rrpi

The center of the baseline of rotated text aligns with the baseline of the surrounding text:

https://wolfram.com/xid/0bn6tis-pp5khl

For a different alignment, specify an explicit center of rotation:

https://wolfram.com/xid/0bn6tis-660ne

Since text bounding boxes are always rectilinear, successive rotations can introduce extra space:

https://wolfram.com/xid/0bn6tis-cmbagy

Wolfram Research (2007), Rotate, Wolfram Language function, https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Rotate.html (updated 2008).
Text
Wolfram Research (2007), Rotate, Wolfram Language function, https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Rotate.html (updated 2008).
Wolfram Research (2007), Rotate, Wolfram Language function, https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Rotate.html (updated 2008).
CMS
Wolfram Language. 2007. "Rotate." Wolfram Language & System Documentation Center. Wolfram Research. Last Modified 2008. https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Rotate.html.
Wolfram Language. 2007. "Rotate." Wolfram Language & System Documentation Center. Wolfram Research. Last Modified 2008. https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Rotate.html.
APA
Wolfram Language. (2007). Rotate. Wolfram Language & System Documentation Center. Retrieved from https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Rotate.html
Wolfram Language. (2007). Rotate. Wolfram Language & System Documentation Center. Retrieved from https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Rotate.html
BibTeX
@misc{reference.wolfram_2025_rotate, author="Wolfram Research", title="{Rotate}", year="2008", howpublished="\url{https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Rotate.html}", note=[Accessed: 29-May-2025
]}
BibLaTeX
@online{reference.wolfram_2025_rotate, organization={Wolfram Research}, title={Rotate}, year={2008}, url={https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Rotate.html}, note=[Accessed: 29-May-2025
]}