Summary of New Features in 9
A list of key new features since 8.
Core Language
open all close allUnits »
Quantity — represents a value associated with a unit
UnitConvert — convert between different units and unit systems
QuantityMagnitude — give the value associated with a quantity
QuantityUnit — give the unit associated with a quantity
CompatibleUnitQ — test whether multiple quantities are compatible
CommonUnits — convert a list of quantities to a common unit
UnitSimplify — convert to simpler units
TargetUnits ▪ IndependentUnit ▪ QuantityForm ▪ QuantityQ
New in String Manipulation and Comparison »
StringRotateLeft — cycles the characters in a string to the left
StringRotateRight — cycles the characters in a string to the right
Mathematics and Algorithms
Descriptive Statistics – Dependency Measures »
SpearmanRho — Spearman's rank correlation for data and distributions
KendallTau — Kendall's rank correlation for data and distributions
BlomqvistBeta ▪ GoodmanKruskalGamma ▪ HoeffdingD ▪ PillaiTrace ▪ WilksW
Hypothesis Tests – Independence Tests »
IndependenceTest — test whether two vectors are independent
CorrelationTest — test whether two vectors are uncorrelated
PearsonCorrelationTest ▪ SpearmanRankTest ▪ KendallTauTest ▪ HoeffdingDTest ▪ GoodmanKruskalGammaTest ▪ BlomqvistBetaTest ▪ PillaiTraceTest
New Parametric Distributions
HypoexponentialDistribution — hypoexponential distribution
VarianceGammaDistribution — variance gamma distribution
HyperexponentialDistribution ▪ CoxianDistribution ▪ MeixnerDistribution ▪ TsallisQExponentialDistribution ▪ TsallisQGaussianDistribution ▪ LogMultinormalDistribution
Derived Distributions »
SplicedDistribution — splicing several distributions such as different body and tail
CompoundPoissonDistribution — Poisson distribution with given jump size distribution
OrderDistribution — generalized to different and multivariate distributions
New Data Models
EventData — censored (left, right, interval) and truncated data
WeightedData — weighted data
Mean — descriptive statistics works for censored and weighted data
EstimatedDistribution — parametric distribution estimation from censored data
EmpiricalDistribution — nonparametric distributions from censored data
Survival Analysis »
SurvivalModelFit — survival functions with confidence bands from censored data
CoxModelFit — Cox proportional hazards model from censored data
LogRankTest — hypothesis test for equal hazard rates
Reliability Modeling and Analysis »
ReliabilityDistribution — reliability block diagram model for a system
FailureDistribution — fault tree model for a system
StandbyDistribution — standby reliability distribution (cold, hot, ...)
BirnbaumImportance — measure to pinpoint the subsystem to improve for reliability
StructuralImportance ▪ BarlowProschanImportance ▪ ImprovementImportance ▪ RiskAchievementImportance ▪ RiskReductionImportance ▪ CriticalityFailureImportance ▪ CriticalitySuccessImportance ▪ FussellVeselyImportance
Random Processes »
RandomFunction — simulate a random process
TemporalData — represent one or several time series data
EstimatedProcess — process estimated from time series data
SliceDistribution — distribution for a time slice of a random process
StationaryDistribution ▪ CovarianceFunction ▪ ...
Parametric Processes »
RandomWalkProcess ▪ PoissonProcess ▪ WienerProcess ▪ ...
Finite Markov Processes »
DiscreteMarkovProcess ▪ ContinuousMarkovProcess ▪ ...
Queueing Processes »
QueueingProcess ▪ QueueingNetworkProcess ▪ ...
Time Series Processes »
ARMAProcess ▪ ARIMAProcess ▪ ...
Stochastic Differential Equation Processes »
ItoProcess ▪ StratonovichProcess ▪ ...
Differential Equations with Events »
WhenEvent — discrete actions in differential equations when an event occurs
NDSolve — now supports differential equations with events
NDSolveValue ▪ DiscreteVariables
Differential Equations with Parameters
ParametricNDSolveValue — solve differential equations depending on parameters
ParametricNDSolve ▪ ParametricFunction
Differential Algebraic Equations
NDSolve — can now solve high-index DAEs
NDSolveValue ▪ ParametricNDSolve ▪ ParametricNDSolveValue
Graphs & Networks »
FindPostmanTour — find a tour that traverses each edge at least once
WeaklyConnectedComponents ▪ EdgeConnectivity ▪ VertexConnectivity ▪ FindGraphPartition ▪ PlanarGraphQ ▪ ...
Social Network Analysis »
FindGraphCommunities — find communities within a graph
GlobalClusteringCoefficient — compute the global clustering coefficient
FindClique ▪ FindKClique ▪ FindKClan ▪ FindKClub ▪ LambdaComponents ▪ LuccioSamiComponents ▪ GraphReciprocity ▪ MeanClusteringCoefficient ▪ LocalClusteringCoefficient ▪ DegreeCentrality ▪ BetweennessCentrality ▪ ...
Network Flows and Cuts »
FindMaximumFlow — find the maximum flow from a source vertex to a target vertex
FindMinimumCostFlow — find the minimum cost flows
FindMinimumCut — find the minimum cut for a graph
OptimumFlowData ▪ FindEdgeCut ▪ FindVertexCut ▪ ...
Random Graphs »
GraphPropertyDistribution — automatically compute properties of random graphs
SpatialGraphDistribution — higher-performance random graph generation
Control Systems
PIDTune — automatic design of PID controllers
Models with Time Delays »
SystemsModelDelay — represent delays in state-space and transfer-function models
TransferFunctionModel ▪ StateSpaceModel ▪ SystemsModelDelayApproximate ▪ SmithDelayCompensator ▪ ...
Models with Algebraic Constraints »
DescriptorStateSpace — whether to use descriptor state-space representation
StateSpaceModel ▪ KroneckerModelDecomposition ▪ ...
Fast Symbolic Linear and Polynomial Algebra
LinearSolve — fast methods for sparse symbolic and exact systems
Expand — fast methods for polynomials with numeric coefficients
NullSpace ▪ MatrixRank ▪ Det ▪ Subresultants ▪ PolynomialExtendedGCD
New Polynomial Functions
SubresultantPolynomials ▪ SubresultantPolynomialRemainders
New Matrix Functions
MatrixLog — matrix log function
MatrixFunction — matrix function for a general function
New Algebraic Numbers
CubeRoot — real cube root
Surd — real 
th root
Vector Calculus »
Coordinate Systems
CoordinateChartData — properties of coordinate systems
TransformedField — transform a field between coordinate systems
CoordinateTransform ▪ CoordinateTransformData
Symbolic Tensor Algebra »
Arrays — domain of arrays with given properties
TensorRank ▪ TensorDimensions ▪ TensorSymmetry
TensorProduct ▪ TensorContract ▪ TensorTranspose ▪ ...
Symmetries and Symmetrized Arrays
SymmetrizedArray — compact representation of arrays with symmetry
SymmetrizedIndependentComponents ▪ SymmetrizedDependentComponents
Visualization and Graphics
New Built-in Legends »
Legended — display an expression with a legend
PlotLegends — option for adding legends to plots
LineLegend — styled lines and labels
PointLegend — styled markers and labels
SwatchLegend — styled swatches and labels
BarLegend — color bar and scale
LegendMarkers ▪ LegendLayout ▪ LegendLabel ▪ ...
New Built-in Unit Visualization
TargetUnits — specify what units should be used
ListPlot — plot data with units
ListLinePlot ▪ ListLogPlot ▪ ListLogLogPlot ▪ ListLogLinearPlot ▪ ListPlot3D ▪ ListContourPlot ▪ ListDensityPlot ▪ ArrayPlot ▪ MatrixPlot ▪ QuantilePlot ▪ ProbabilityPlot ▪ ProbabilityScalePlot
BarChart — chart data with units
BarChart3D ▪ PieChart ▪ PieChart3D ▪ RectangleChart ▪ RectangleChart3D ▪ SectorChart ▪ SectorChart3D ▪ BubbleChart ▪ BubbleChart3D ▪ Histogram ▪ Histogram3D ▪ PairedHistogram ▪ DensityHistogram ▪ BoxWhiskerChart ▪ DistributionChart
New Gauges »
AngularGauge — creates a gauge with values shown along a circular scale
HorizontalGauge — creates a gauge with values shown along a horizontal scale
VerticalGauge — creates a gauge with values shown along a vertical scale
ThermometerGauge — shows values on a thermometer
BulletGauge — shows values relative to reference values on a horizontal scale
ClockGauge — creates a clock for displaying time
GaugeLabels ▪ GaugeMarkers ▪ GaugeStyle ▪ ...
New Volume Visualization
Raster3D — 3D array of volume elements
Other Improvements
Graphics3D — antialiasing support for Linux
PairedSmoothHistogram — new paired smooth density estimates
Histogram — improved computational aesthetics for rendering a large number of bins
TemporalData — directly supported in ListPlot, ListLinePlot, etc.
ColorData — several dozen new color schemes
Data Manipulation
New Import & Export Formats
"AgilentMicroarray" — biological microarray data (.txt)
"FASTQ" — molecular biology format (.fastq, .fq)
"FCS" — format for storing flow cytometry data (.fcs, .lmd)
"HIN" — HyperChem molecular data format (.hin)
"ICC" — color profile format (.icc, .icm)
"ICNS" — Macintosh icon package format (.icns)
"JCAMP-DX" — chemical spectroscopy format (.jdx, .dx, .jcm)
"OpenEXR" — theatrical film raster image format (.exr)
"SFF" — flowgram format for DNA sequences (.sff)
Updated Import & Export Formats
"CUR" — now supported by Export
"FITS" — import of binary tables, export of attributes
"HTML" — supports embedding of CDF
"ICO" — now supported by Export
"JPEG" — enhanced Exif and color profile support
"MIDI" — now supported by Import
"NB" — added support for cell style-based elements
"PBM" — improved support for various data formats
"PGM" — improved support for various data formats
"PNG" — added support for color profiles
"PNM" — improved support for various data formats
"TIFF" — added support for 3D images and color profiles
New in Date & Time »
DateRange — generate a list of dates
DatePlus — add or subtract days, weeks, etc. in a date list or string
DayRange — generate a list of days
DayPlus — add or subtract days
LeapYearQ — determine if a date is in a leap year
DayMatchQ — determine the day type
BusinessDayQ — determine if a day is a business day
DateDifference ▪ DayRound ▪ DayCount ▪ CalendarData
New in Image Processing & Analysis »
Image3D — create a 3D image from an array of data or a list of images
Image3DSlices — slice through a 3D image in each dimension
ImageFileApply, ImageFileFilter, ImageFileScan — out-of-core image processing
ImageMeasurements — returns specified properties of an image
ImageDistance — compute various difference measures between two images
ImageValuePositions, PixelValuePositions — positions of the specified pixel value
ReplaceImageValue ▪ ReplacePixelValue ▪ ColorReplace
ColorProfileData — representation for general color spaces
DominantColors — find a list of dominant colors
HistogramTransform, HistogramTransformInterpolation — equalize levels
GradientOrientationFilter ▪ GaborFilter
NonlocalMeansFilter ▪ FourierDCTFilter
FindFaces — find human faces in an image
ImageCorners ▪ ImageFeatureTrack
GeodesicClosing ▪ GeodesicOpening
ImagePeriodogram — squared magnitude of the image Fourier transform
New in Signal Processing »
RecurrenceFilter — compute the response of an IIR filter
LowpassFilter ▪ HighpassFilter ▪ BandpassFilter ▪ BandstopFilter ▪ ...
LeastSquaresFilterKernel ▪ FrequencySamplingFilterKernel ▪ EquirippleFilterKernel
ButterworthFilterModel ▪ EllipticFilterModel ▪ Chebyshev1FilterModel ▪ ...
TransferFunctionTransform — convert between different types of analog filters
KaiserWindow ▪ DirichletWindow ▪ HannWindow ▪ HammingWindow ▪ ...
ListZTransform ▪ ListFourierSequenceTransform ▪ ...
FourierMatrix ▪ FourierDCTMatrix ▪ FourierDSTMatrix ▪ HadamardMatrix
Computable Data
WolframAlpha — access to Wolfram|Alpha data
CoordinateChartData — standard coordinate system properties
GraphData — updated with additional graphs and properties
FiniteGroupData — updated with additional groups and properties
ColorData — several dozen new color schemes
ExampleData — updated with additional example datasets
Dynamic Interactivity
New Controls
ListPicker — a list of choices
Notebooks and Documents
Cell Handles
Cells — a list of cells in a given notebook (CellObject objects)
Systems Interfaces & Deployment
Stream Operations
OpenRead (modified) — open an input stream from a data source such as a URL
Get (modified) — read and evaluate Wolfram Language input from a stream
DefineInputStreamMethod — define a custom input stream method
DefineOutputStreamMethod — define a custom output stream method
Read ▪ Find ▪ FindList ▪ InputStream ▪ OutputStream
RLink »
InstallR — launch the R runtime and connect it to the Wolfram System session
UninstallR — uninstall the R runtime
REvaluate — fetch the contents of a document with a background task
RSet — fetch the contents of a document with a background task
RFunction — fetch the contents of a document with a background task
RVector ▪ RList ▪ RObject ▪ RCode ▪ RAttributes ▪ REnvironment
System Environment
GetEnvironment — get the setting for an operating system environment variable
SetEnvironment — set a value for an operating system environment variable
Text-Based Interface
Improved terminal interface with support of command history and cursor movements »